CAPE AQUATIC HUMATES:
What does one do with Humates?
Humic acid
Humic acid is one of the major components of humic substances. Chemically, it is a super-molecular aromatic acid composed by various functional groups, taking on effects of sorption, complexation, chelation, flocculation, which dissolves loads of hydrophobic matters. They can also be found in peat, coal, many upland streams and ocean water.
Major applications:
Humic acid is mainly employed in industry in forms of additive, its effects are: to improve product quality, to retrench raw material and to reduce energy expenditure; for instance, it may be applied as boiler water soften agent and as petroleum drilling fluid decreasing and filtering agent. By chelating the ions, humic acids facilitate the uptake of these ions by several mechanisms, one of which is preventing their precipitation, another seems to be a direct and positive influence on their bioavailability. They also dissolve loads of hydrophobic matters and along with the above characteristic they take care of harmful matters, preventing waters from contamination.
Since their pH values are below 7, namely acidic, humic acids alleviate the world-challenging issue of soil salinisation.
Specifications:
Appearance darkly brown or black, ( currenly not in stock -amorphic powder, granule or column) or slurry liquid
Humic acid 50%Min (Moisture 65%)
Mesh 50-80m /1-5m
Solubility slightly soluble in water
pH Value 5-6
Stability stable in air, nonpoisonous
Packing 25Kg plastic woven bag or upon request
Sunday, October 19, 2008
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
Omnia our current competitors?Or not really ? with inferior products to ours we lead and are a cut above OMNIA!
Omnia do have excellent information to educate our clients about what Humates are,our products are however superior and extracted in the Western Cape of South Africa :
We are happy to have you compare our product to theirs and make your own mind up !
About Humates
What K-humate(WHICH IS AN OMNIA (PTY) LTD ITEM AND IS COAL INDUSTRY BASED PRODUCT WITH EMISSION RELEASED DURING ITS DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURE) does for you.
Biological
Humic acids promote beneficial soil microbial growth by providing active carbon for their energy and biomass requirements. Recent studies have shown that applications of water containing 150 ppm of K-humate® stimulated significant growth of both the active fungal and bacterial population in a solution of compost tea.
Stimulates growth of beneficial soil fungi and bacteria.
Provides readily available source of carbon for soil micro-organisms
Chemical
Good chelating properties which reduce loss of nutrients due to leaching and run-off
Free-up many soil-bound nutrients, particularly phosphates, calcium and micro-nutrients
Lock-up aluminium in acidic soils which are harmful to plant growth
Good buffering capacity which help stabilise the soil against strong pH changes from fertilizer applications
Physical
Promotes soil agglomeration and better soil structure
Opens up heavy clays and hard, compact soils
Helps soil wetting which reduces surface soil crusting and improves water penetration and retention in the soil
K-humate® rejuvenates heavy clays which are compact and impenetrable to water and nutrients.
When soils dry out, water is removed from between the clay particles, causing them to move very close together, shrink in volume and form cracks in the ground. This cracking in the ground is a common feature in clayey soils which are poor or devoid of organic matter. Humic acids in nature interact with the clay particles and prevent them from sticking closely together when they dry out in the summer. The more open clay structure will be able to retain more water for plant use.
Soil moisture
A compact, acidic brown-grey clay loam topsoil (A1 horizon 0 - 25cm, pH 4.6) with very low organic matter located at a vineyard was much more easier to wet after treatments with water containing less than 0.25% K-humate® (1 part K-humate® to 100 parts water). The soil treated with K-humate® was also found to retain up to 50% more water than the untreated soils.
Humic acids, like most forms of plant organic matter, improves the water holding ability of most soils. In sandy soils, humic acids form a hydrophilic (water-attracting) coating on the sand particles which increases their wetting ability and moisture retention properties. In clays, humic acids open up the clay structures to enable greater water penetration and retention.
Better soil wetting ability and greater soil penetration reduce water losses from run-off and drainage and improved water usage and reduction in labour requirement and costs.
Nutrient retention and availability to plants
Soil organic matter (humus) has a great ability to hold nutrients in the soil until they are required by plants. It is the humic acid molecules in the humus which hold most of the nutrients from applied fertilizers.
K-humate®, with its high concentration of humic acids, greatly improves the ability of sandy soils to hold many essential nutrients such as ammonium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the trace elements.
Humic acids, which are trapped in cracks and pores and adhered to the surfaces of sand particles, hold onto many important nutrients which would have been otherwise lost to leaching.
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Like the saying goes, “You are what you eat”. Similarly, the well being of plants depends not only on what you feed your plants, but also on the availability of the nutrients in your applied fertilizers and how successfully the plants are able to take these nutrients through their root system and foliar.
K-humate® soil conditioner increases the movement of calcium down the subsoil and plant root zone where it is most needed. Greater calcium concentration in the soil treated with K-humate® was evident down to a depth of 16cm. This means quicker response from applied calcium in terms of nutrient availability and plant uptake.
Calcium is important in promoting plant cell development which will result in healthier plants, greater resistance to diseases and better crop quality.
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Scientific studies have shown that a large proportion of your fertilizers are locked-up in the soil soon after application, particularly phosphates, calcium and micro-nutrients.
K-humate® can unlock some of the bound phosphate and micro- nutrients in the soil by chemical reactions which solubilise the fixed phosphates. Additional phosphates are also released by microbial activity brought about by the presence of K-humates.
Sap analysis of watermelon plants growing on land where K-humate® has been applied, at a rate of 20 litres per hectare over a season, clearly showed much higher nutrient concentrations in the K-humate® treated plants than those grown without K-humate®. The improvements in nutrient uptake were also found with many other crops including tomatoes, potatoes and citrus. Higher nutrient concentration in plants and crops is very important not only to plants but also to human health.
Better root growth
K-humate® also stimulates greater root growth in seedlings and mature plants resulting in higher nutrient uptake in plants and a greater ability to tolerate extended dry spells between irrigations or rainfall. A more extensive root system growth promotes greater plant vigor and better crop yield and quality.
Here is what SOUTHERN AFRICAN scientific experts have to say :
Abstract # 595: A Poster on Soil fertility / Grondvrugbaarheid
MAIZE GRAIN YIELD AND CHANGE IN SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIALLY MANUFACTURED BIOLOGICAL AMENDMENTS
Baloyi, TC1, Kutu, FR1 and Du Preez, CC2
1ARC Grain Crops Institute, Private Bag X1251, Potchefstroom, 2520; 2Dept. Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300
Email: baloyitc@arc.agric.za
Attempts at promoting increased food production through improved soil fertility management in South Africa have been boosted with the development and marketing of industrially manufactured biological amendments (IMBAs). Manufacturers claimed the products have the potential of improving soil fertility and hence increase crop productivity when used either as boosters or total replacement to mineral fertilizers based on the manufacturers’ recommendation. Hence, this study was initiated during 2006/07-production season to quantify and compare the effect of selected products on maize yield and changes in soil microbial biomass carbon under different field conditions. Nine selected products and NPK fertilizer were used as recommended for maize at four trial sites (Potchefstroom, Bothaville, Ottosdal and Bethlehem). An unamended control plot was included in the treatments. The trial was laid out as a randomised complete block (RCB) design with four replicates. Soil sampling for microbial biomass C study was taken 1-month after treatment application at 4-weekly interval until harvest when grain yield was determined.
Results of the study gave an average grain yield 2.6, 2.4, 2.3 and 3.1 t ha-1 across treatments at Potchefstroom, Bethlehem, Bothaville and Ottosdal, respectively. Plots treated with the growth booster Molcast gave a higher yield increase than NPK plots at Potchefstroom and Ottosdal while few of the substances used as total replacement resulted in a marginal increase in grain yields. At Potchefstroom, plots treated with Molcast, Promis and K-humate resulted in a 12.7, 1.4 and 0.7 % grain yield increase, respectively. Similar results were observed at Bethlehem whereas at Bothaville it was the opposite. At Ottosdal, grain yields from all IMBAs treated plots were higher than NPK except for Growman. The highest yield increase of 40.3 % was obtained at Ottosdal in Molcast treated plots. Expectedly, all IMBAs treated plots had a higher content of soil microbial biomass C than NPK plots. Total replacement of inorganic fertilizer by IMBA induced biomass C mineralisation that was apparently more consistent in light-textured soils of Bothaville and Ottosdal. The highest microbial biomass C content of 0.72, 0.145, 0.385 and 0.180 mg C g-1 soil was measured at different sampling dates in K-humate, Montys, Crop care and Lanbac treated plots at Potchefstroom, Bethlehem, Bothaville, respectively. The correlation coefficients between soil microbial biomass C and maize grain yield obtained at all trial sites following application of IMBAs were generally low and not significant. Molcast and Montys seem quite promising products in terms of increasing crop yield and soil microbial biomass C content as well as consistency of efficiency across all trial sites.
Keywords: Crop productivity, grain yield, growth booster, humate, soil fertility,
VERY RELIABLE INFORMATION ABOUT USES AND APPLICATIONS OF HUMATES IN SUP[PORT OF WHAT YOUR SOIL SCIENTISTS LOCALLY WOULD RECOMMEND CAN BE FOUND AT www.humates.co.nz
We are happy to have you compare our product to theirs and make your own mind up !
About Humates
What K-humate(WHICH IS AN OMNIA (PTY) LTD ITEM AND IS COAL INDUSTRY BASED PRODUCT WITH EMISSION RELEASED DURING ITS DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURE) does for you.
Biological
Humic acids promote beneficial soil microbial growth by providing active carbon for their energy and biomass requirements. Recent studies have shown that applications of water containing 150 ppm of K-humate® stimulated significant growth of both the active fungal and bacterial population in a solution of compost tea.
Stimulates growth of beneficial soil fungi and bacteria.
Provides readily available source of carbon for soil micro-organisms
Chemical
Good chelating properties which reduce loss of nutrients due to leaching and run-off
Free-up many soil-bound nutrients, particularly phosphates, calcium and micro-nutrients
Lock-up aluminium in acidic soils which are harmful to plant growth
Good buffering capacity which help stabilise the soil against strong pH changes from fertilizer applications
Physical
Promotes soil agglomeration and better soil structure
Opens up heavy clays and hard, compact soils
Helps soil wetting which reduces surface soil crusting and improves water penetration and retention in the soil
K-humate® rejuvenates heavy clays which are compact and impenetrable to water and nutrients.
When soils dry out, water is removed from between the clay particles, causing them to move very close together, shrink in volume and form cracks in the ground. This cracking in the ground is a common feature in clayey soils which are poor or devoid of organic matter. Humic acids in nature interact with the clay particles and prevent them from sticking closely together when they dry out in the summer. The more open clay structure will be able to retain more water for plant use.
Soil moisture
A compact, acidic brown-grey clay loam topsoil (A1 horizon 0 - 25cm, pH 4.6) with very low organic matter located at a vineyard was much more easier to wet after treatments with water containing less than 0.25% K-humate® (1 part K-humate® to 100 parts water). The soil treated with K-humate® was also found to retain up to 50% more water than the untreated soils.
Humic acids, like most forms of plant organic matter, improves the water holding ability of most soils. In sandy soils, humic acids form a hydrophilic (water-attracting) coating on the sand particles which increases their wetting ability and moisture retention properties. In clays, humic acids open up the clay structures to enable greater water penetration and retention.
Better soil wetting ability and greater soil penetration reduce water losses from run-off and drainage and improved water usage and reduction in labour requirement and costs.
Nutrient retention and availability to plants
Soil organic matter (humus) has a great ability to hold nutrients in the soil until they are required by plants. It is the humic acid molecules in the humus which hold most of the nutrients from applied fertilizers.
K-humate®, with its high concentration of humic acids, greatly improves the ability of sandy soils to hold many essential nutrients such as ammonium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the trace elements.
Humic acids, which are trapped in cracks and pores and adhered to the surfaces of sand particles, hold onto many important nutrients which would have been otherwise lost to leaching.
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Like the saying goes, “You are what you eat”. Similarly, the well being of plants depends not only on what you feed your plants, but also on the availability of the nutrients in your applied fertilizers and how successfully the plants are able to take these nutrients through their root system and foliar.
K-humate® soil conditioner increases the movement of calcium down the subsoil and plant root zone where it is most needed. Greater calcium concentration in the soil treated with K-humate® was evident down to a depth of 16cm. This means quicker response from applied calcium in terms of nutrient availability and plant uptake.
Calcium is important in promoting plant cell development which will result in healthier plants, greater resistance to diseases and better crop quality.
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Sustaining balanced nutrition
Scientific studies have shown that a large proportion of your fertilizers are locked-up in the soil soon after application, particularly phosphates, calcium and micro-nutrients.
K-humate® can unlock some of the bound phosphate and micro- nutrients in the soil by chemical reactions which solubilise the fixed phosphates. Additional phosphates are also released by microbial activity brought about by the presence of K-humates.
Sap analysis of watermelon plants growing on land where K-humate® has been applied, at a rate of 20 litres per hectare over a season, clearly showed much higher nutrient concentrations in the K-humate® treated plants than those grown without K-humate®. The improvements in nutrient uptake were also found with many other crops including tomatoes, potatoes and citrus. Higher nutrient concentration in plants and crops is very important not only to plants but also to human health.
Better root growth
K-humate® also stimulates greater root growth in seedlings and mature plants resulting in higher nutrient uptake in plants and a greater ability to tolerate extended dry spells between irrigations or rainfall. A more extensive root system growth promotes greater plant vigor and better crop yield and quality.
Here is what SOUTHERN AFRICAN scientific experts have to say :
Abstract # 595: A Poster on Soil fertility / Grondvrugbaarheid
MAIZE GRAIN YIELD AND CHANGE IN SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIALLY MANUFACTURED BIOLOGICAL AMENDMENTS
Baloyi, TC1, Kutu, FR1 and Du Preez, CC2
1ARC Grain Crops Institute, Private Bag X1251, Potchefstroom, 2520; 2Dept. Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, P O Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300
Email: baloyitc@arc.agric.za
Attempts at promoting increased food production through improved soil fertility management in South Africa have been boosted with the development and marketing of industrially manufactured biological amendments (IMBAs). Manufacturers claimed the products have the potential of improving soil fertility and hence increase crop productivity when used either as boosters or total replacement to mineral fertilizers based on the manufacturers’ recommendation. Hence, this study was initiated during 2006/07-production season to quantify and compare the effect of selected products on maize yield and changes in soil microbial biomass carbon under different field conditions. Nine selected products and NPK fertilizer were used as recommended for maize at four trial sites (Potchefstroom, Bothaville, Ottosdal and Bethlehem). An unamended control plot was included in the treatments. The trial was laid out as a randomised complete block (RCB) design with four replicates. Soil sampling for microbial biomass C study was taken 1-month after treatment application at 4-weekly interval until harvest when grain yield was determined.
Results of the study gave an average grain yield 2.6, 2.4, 2.3 and 3.1 t ha-1 across treatments at Potchefstroom, Bethlehem, Bothaville and Ottosdal, respectively. Plots treated with the growth booster Molcast gave a higher yield increase than NPK plots at Potchefstroom and Ottosdal while few of the substances used as total replacement resulted in a marginal increase in grain yields. At Potchefstroom, plots treated with Molcast, Promis and K-humate resulted in a 12.7, 1.4 and 0.7 % grain yield increase, respectively. Similar results were observed at Bethlehem whereas at Bothaville it was the opposite. At Ottosdal, grain yields from all IMBAs treated plots were higher than NPK except for Growman. The highest yield increase of 40.3 % was obtained at Ottosdal in Molcast treated plots. Expectedly, all IMBAs treated plots had a higher content of soil microbial biomass C than NPK plots. Total replacement of inorganic fertilizer by IMBA induced biomass C mineralisation that was apparently more consistent in light-textured soils of Bothaville and Ottosdal. The highest microbial biomass C content of 0.72, 0.145, 0.385 and 0.180 mg C g-1 soil was measured at different sampling dates in K-humate, Montys, Crop care and Lanbac treated plots at Potchefstroom, Bethlehem, Bothaville, respectively. The correlation coefficients between soil microbial biomass C and maize grain yield obtained at all trial sites following application of IMBAs were generally low and not significant. Molcast and Montys seem quite promising products in terms of increasing crop yield and soil microbial biomass C content as well as consistency of efficiency across all trial sites.
Keywords: Crop productivity, grain yield, growth booster, humate, soil fertility,
VERY RELIABLE INFORMATION ABOUT USES AND APPLICATIONS OF HUMATES IN SUP[PORT OF WHAT YOUR SOIL SCIENTISTS LOCALLY WOULD RECOMMEND CAN BE FOUND AT www.humates.co.nz
Tuesday, September 23, 2008
Cape Aquatic Humates
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Cape Aquatic Humate (Pty) Ltd evolved from extensive scientific research conducted by T.M.
Thebe over the past one and half decades and business activities of Thebe Thebe Associates Close
Corporation. However, the development of crucial business strategies began in June 2008 with
the arrival of J. M.. Riggs, who brought a wealth of experience in running small and medium
enterprises and excellent marketing skills.
Trademarks Information.
The following are the trademarks of Thebe Thebe Associates(TTA):
.
Super Grade Humate™ (SG-Humate™);
.
High Grade Humate™ (HG-Humate™);
.
Mixed Grade Humate™ (MG-Humate™);
.
Ammonium Humate™ (NHx-Humate™)
.
TTA-Integrated Humate Processing™ (TTA-IHP™)
The economic benefits to the Western Cape as result of business activities of CAH are as follows:
• Job creation — About 50 mix of part-time and full-time jobs will be created directly. Some
hundreds indirect jobs will be created through agriculture, water supply, environmental
protection, distribution, tourism, marketing and other sectors.
• Agriculture — This is the most sector in the economy of Western Cape for example four of
the five top export products from the Western Cape are agricultural products (Wesgro,
2008). Our products are specifically developed to improve the productivity and profitability
of this sector, which will benefit regional economy.
• Tourism — Waters from which we extract humate products are found between Simons
Town and Pletternberg Bay in Southern Cape. Almost all the main tourism attractions are
found here. In collaboration with existing eco-tourism programme we will publish
information about wide variety of the applications of humic substances. The map of this area
showing the distribution of humic waters with different characteristics is nearly complete.
• Western Cape municipalities — Our process is design to optimise drinking water production
while extracting humate products. This will greatly assist municipalities in their cost saving
efforts, particularly those which limited resources.
• Diversity — We are the only company is South Africa dealing humate products form water.
This strengthen the diverse Western Cape economy.
• Global Climate Change — This is possibly the greatest threat facing mankind in the twenty
first century. It has been reported that it will affect African continent more severely than any
other continent and negative economic impact (Baloyi, 2007; Walters, 2007). Indigenous
vegetation such as fynbos in the Western Cape particularly vulnerable (Le Roux, 2007;
SAPA, 2007). Our proactive efforts to mitigating climate change including participation in
Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol. Our humate products are also useful
in improving the soil to withstand severe weather such as droughts.
The Market
The target market is broadly based on the applications of humate products to soil management
and greenhouse gas emissions reductions and it encompasses several segments, inter alia:
• Bio-fuel crop farming;
• Bio-inorganic or Organic crop farming;
• Organic or bio-inorganic cultivation of turf grass in sports fields and similar facilities;
• Nitrogenous fertilizers manufacturers, with significant nitrous oxide emissions.
The applications of humate to soil management and emissions reductions is relatively untapped
market with huge growth potential. The return on invest is very high and sustainable in a long-
term. The company will apply a highly focussed multi-dimensional marketing strategy to reach
the target market very quickly. The market is relatively small in agronomic sector as a whole, but
it is growing very rapidly. This growth is driven primarily by global efforts in reducing green
house gases emissions from human activities to the atmosphere and mitigating their adverse
effects on climate change. Ultimately, the company aims to be the leader in the production and
supply of aquatic humate products.Within the duration of this business plan it expects to secure at
least 20% of local market and 5% international market, which give a combined market share of
25%.
Product
The company produce aquatic humate by extracting humic substances from fresh surface waters
in the Cape region to produce proprietary commercial products of different grades. This will
mainly recovered from municipal water processing plants following a patent process
The grading is based on specific ultra-violet absorbance (SUVA) of raw water, which essential
determines the fraction or relative quantity of humic substances in dissolved natural organic
matter, measured as dissolved organic carbon and ultra-violet absorbance at the wavelength of
254 nanometres (Edwald and Tobiason, 1999; and USEPA, 1998). Thebe et al. (2000)
demonstrated that the concentration of humic substances in surface waters in the Western Cape
Province of South Africa is much higher than those reported in literature. Based on this work and
an extensive research conducted by the main author over the passed fourteen years, the grading
described below was incorporated to permit commercialization of the products:
• Super Grade Humate™ (SG-Humate™) — This is premium product containing nearly
only humic substances and its SUVA of greater than 6 litres per milligram-metre (R/mg-m);
• High Grade Humate™ (HG-Humate™) — This is product contains mostly humic
substances and has SUVA of between 4 and 6 R/mg-m;
• Mixed Grade Humate™ (MG-Humate™) — This is product contains a mixture of humic
substances and other natural organic matter and has SUVA of between 2 and 4 R/mg-m;
• Ammonium Humate™ (NHx-Humate™)
— This product shall contain more nitrogen
than natural humic substances to increase its nutritional value and wider applications.
The benefits of humate applications in soil management are numerous (Mikkelsen, 2005; Malan,
2004; Mathur, 2004; and Mayhew, 2004), inter alia:
• Reduce the need for nitrogenous and other inorganic fertilisers;
• Improves uptake of nitrogen and other important nutrients;
• Prevent soluble inorganic fertiliser from leaching out of soil matrix;
• Replenish carbon and restore its balance in soils;
• Improve soil physical properties and its water holding capacity, and the latter is important
for drought resistance and water conservation;
• Chelate soil nutrients, make minerals soluble and act as storage for nitrogen, phosphorous,
sulphur, zinc and other nutrients;
• Remove toxins from the soil.
In terms of the Kyoto Protocol and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,
industrialised countries, mainly in northern hemisphere are allocated air pollution quotas to
encourage them to reduce their greenhouse gases by 5% compared to 1990 levels during the
period between 2008 and 2012 . These quotas are divided down to operational level of individual
plant. However, in less industrialised countries, including South Africa, companies are awarded
carbon credits (known as certified emissions reductions) for developing technologies that reduce
or offset emissions under Clean Development Mechanism programme (Gilmour, 2007;
Magrofuoco, 2007).
Some other writers opinions on
Humates: http://www.humate.info/
Thebe Thebe Associates has for example developed a process (TTA-IHP™) of extraction of
humic substances from raw water and/or their recovery from processed water residue. This
process will be patented and licenced in phases to CAH (Pty) Ltd. It has zero greenhouse gas
emissions, little energy requirement and low carbon footprint.
Aquatic humate products will be sold to soil management sectors to improve the applications of
nitrogenous fertilisers. Whereas, nitrous oxide emissions?
Nitrogenous fertilisers have been chosen because of their numerous applications and benefits,
inter alia:
•
In their natural state humic substances contain approximately 1 to 5% nitrogen and they are
sufficiently present in the soil, up to 35 % of the soluble nitrogen applied as fertiliser can be
retained in organic form thus converting the nitrogen to a stable, bio-available form
(Mayhew, 2004);
•
Nitrogen compounds are widely used in water processing and soil fertilisation. Therefore, it
is relatively easily to determine certified emissions reductions;
•
Nitrous oxide associated with nitrogenous fertilisers manufacturing has a global warming
potential of 310 times more than that of carbon dioxide (Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, 2006);
•
Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and nitrates found in water are toxic. The former is
toxic to many species of fish at very low concentration and the latter is toxic to babies
(Sawyer et al., 1994; Mason, 1993);
•
Ecological impact of nitrogen applied to turf grass in golf courses is increasing coming
under tremendous scrutiny in developed countries, especially the United States, as a result
humic substances have become an attractive alternative (Mayhew, 2004);
•
Humate products applied to soil affect the release of nitrogen through slow decomposition
by organisms and restore natural nitrogen cycle (Malan, 2004).
Price
The pricing strategy/policy is to enter the market at least 10% lower the competitors and keep
prices the same for the first two years of operations, to allow competitive market entry. The price
of certified emissions reductions is obtained from European market (Jardine, 2005; EU, 2007).
viz.:
•
SG-Humate™
•
HG-Humate™
•
MG-Humate™
•
Please note in German these products are known as Wasserhumates,Huminsäure while in Chinese known as 海角水生humates or 胡敏酸
View My Stats
This information brought to yo by John M Riggs of houseofdijohn.com ,haaspoort.com and houseofdijohn.co.za
CAPE AQUATIC HUMATES OFFERS
SUMMARY
Cape Aquatic Humate (Pty) Ltd evolved from extensive scientific research conducted by T.M.
Thebe
Trademarks Information.
The following are the trademarks of Thebe Thebe Associates(TTA):
.
Super Grade Humate™ (SG-Humate™);
.
High Grade Humate™ (HG-Humate™);
.
Mixed Grade Humate™ (MG-Humate™);
.
Ammonium Humate™ (NHx-Humate™)
.
TTA-Integrated Humate Processing™ (TTA-IHP™)
The economic benefits to the Western Cape as result of business activities of CAH are as follows:
• Job creation — About 50 mix of part-time and full-time jobs will be created directly. Some
hundreds indirect jobs will be created through agriculture, water supply, environmental
protection, distribution, tourism, marketing and other sectors.
• Agriculture — This is the most sector in the economy of Western Cape for example four of
the five top export products from the Western Cape are agricultural products (Wesgro,
2008). Our products are specifically developed to improve the productivity and profitability
of this sector, which will benefit regional economy.
• Tourism — Waters from which we extract humate products are found between Simons
Town and Pletternberg Bay in Southern Cape. Almost all the main tourism attractions are
found here. In collaboration with existing eco-tourism programme we will publish
information about wide variety of the applications of humic substances. The map of this area
showing the distribution of humic waters with different characteristics is nearly complete.
• Western Cape municipalities — Our process is design to optimise drinking water production
while extracting humate products. This will greatly assist municipalities in their cost saving
efforts, particularly those which limited resources.
• Diversity — We are the only company is South Africa dealing humate products form water.
This strengthen the diverse Western Cape economy.
• Global Climate Change — This is possibly the greatest threat facing mankind in the twenty
first century. It has been reported that it will affect African continent more severely than any
other continent and negative economic impact (Baloyi, 2007; Walters, 2007). Indigenous
vegetation such as fynbos in the Western Cape particularly vulnerable (Le Roux, 2007;
SAPA, 2007). Our proactive efforts to mitigating climate change including participation in
Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol. Our humate products are also useful
in improving the soil to withstand severe weather such as droughts.
The Market
The target market is broadly based on the applications of humate products to soil management
and greenhouse gas emissions reductions and it encompasses several segments, inter alia:
• Bio-fuel crop farming;
• Bio-inorganic or Organic crop farming;
• Organic or bio-inorganic cultivation of turf grass in sports fields and similar facilities;
• Nitrogenous fertilizers manufacturers, with significant nitrous oxide emissions.
The applications of humate to soil management and emissions reductions is relatively untapped
market with huge growth potential. The return on invest is very high and sustainable in a long-
term. The company will apply a highly focussed multi-dimensional marketing strategy to reach
the target market very quickly. The market is relatively small in agronomic sector as a whole, but
it is growing very rapidly. This growth is driven primarily by global efforts in reducing green
house gases emissions from human activities to the atmosphere and mitigating their adverse
effects on climate change. Ultimately, the company aims to be the leader in the production and
supply of aquatic humate products.Within the duration of this business plan it expects to secure at
least 20% of local market and 5% international market, which give a combined market share of
25%.
Product
The company produces aquatic humate by extracting humic substances from fresh surface waters
in the Cape region to produce proprietary commercial products of different grades. This will
mainly recovered from municipal water processing plants following a patent process
The grading is based on specific ultra-violet absorbance (SUVA) of raw water, which essential
determines the fraction or relative quantity of humic substances in dissolved natural organic
matter, measured as dissolved organic carbon and ultra-violet absorbance at the wavelength of
254 nanometres (Edwald and Tobiason, 1999; and USEPA, 1998). Thebe et al. (2000)
demonstrated that the concentration of humic substances in surface waters in the Western Cape
Province of South Africa is much higher than those reported in literature. Based on this work and
an extensive research conducted by the main author over the passed fourteen years, the grading
described below was incorporated to permit commercialization of the products:
• Super Grade Humate™ (SG-Humate™) — This is premium product containing nearly
only humic substances and its SUVA of greater than 6 litres per milligram-metre (R/mg-m);
• High Grade Humate™ (HG-Humate™) — This is product contains mostly humic
substances and has SUVA of between 4 and 6 R/mg-m;
• Mixed Grade Humate™ (MG-Humate™) — This is product contains a mixture of humic
substances and other natural organic matter and has SUVA of between 2 and 4 R/mg-m;
• Ammonium Humate™ (NHx-Humate™)
— This product shall contain more nitrogen
than natural humic substances to increase its nutritional value and wider applications.
The benefits of humate applications in soil management are numerous (Mikkelsen, 2005; Malan,
2004; Mathur, 2004; and Mayhew, 2004), inter alia:
• Reduce the need for nitrogenous and other inorganic fertilisers;
• Improves uptake of nitrogen and other important nutrients;
• Prevent soluble inorganic fertiliser from leaching out of soil matrix;
• Replenish carbon and restore its balance in soils;
• Improve soil physical properties and its water holding capacity, and the latter is important
for drought resistance and water conservation;
• Chelate soil nutrients, make minerals soluble and act as storage for nitrogen, phosphorous,
sulphur, zinc and other nutrients;
• Remove toxins from the soil.
In terms of the Kyoto Protocol and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,
industrialised countries, mainly in northern hemisphere are allocated air pollution quotas to
encourage them to reduce their greenhouse gases by 5% compared to 1990 levels during the
period between 2008 and 2012 . These quotas are divided down to operational level of individual
plant. However, in less industrialised countries, including South Africa, companies are awarded
carbon credits (known as certified emissions reductions) for developing technologies that reduce
or offset emissions under Clean Development Mechanism programme (Gilmour, 2007;
Magrofuoco, 2007).
Thebe Thebe Associates has for example developed a process (TTA-IHP™) of extraction of
humic substances from raw water and/or their recovery from processed water residue. This
process will be patented and licenced in phases to CAH (Pty) Ltd. It has zero greenhouse gas
emissions, little energy requirement and low carbon footprint.
Aquatic humate products will be sold to soil management sectors to improve the applications of
nitrogenous fertilisers. Whereas, nitrous oxide emissions?
Nitrogenous fertilisers have been chosen because of their numerous applications and benefits,
inter alia:
•
In their natural state humic substances contain approximately 1 to 5% nitrogen and they are
sufficiently present in the soil, up to 35 % of the soluble nitrogen applied as fertiliser can be
retained in organic form thus converting the nitrogen to a stable, bio-available form
(Mayhew, 2004);
•
Nitrogen compounds are widely used in water processing and soil fertilisation. Therefore, it
is relatively easily to determine certified emissions reductions;
•
Nitrous oxide associated with nitrogenous fertilisers manufacturing has a global warming
potential of 310 times more than that of carbon dioxide (Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, 2006);
•
Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and nitrates found in water are toxic. The former is
toxic to many species of fish at very low concentration and the latter is toxic to babies
(Sawyer et al., 1994; Mason, 1993);
•
Ecological impact of nitrogen applied to turf grass in golf courses is increasing coming
under tremendous scrutiny in developed countries, especially the United States, as a result
humic substances have become an attractive alternative (Mayhew, 2004);
•
Humate products applied to soil affect the release of nitrogen through slow decomposition
by organisms and restore natural nitrogen cycle (Malan, 2004).
Price
The pricing strategy/policy is to enter the market at least 10% lower the competitors and keep
prices the same for the first two years of operations, to allow competitive market entry. The price
of certified emissions reductions is obtained from European market (Jardine, 2005; EU, 2007).
viz.:
•
SG-Humate™
•
HG-Humate™
•
MG-Humate™
•
View My Stats
More news about humates and humic acids
www.acresusa.com/toolbox/reprints/Jan04_Humates.pdf
Our current competitors are Omnia:
Here is what they say about Austrailian humates:
The Story of Australian Humates
The brown coal fields of the Gippsland basin in South Eastern Victoria are the only known source of humates in Australia, producing what is possibly the richest of all humates mined in the world today!
These brown coals or lignites were formed when Australia was part of a great land mass called "Gondwanaland" some 20-50 million years ago when dinosaurs roamed the earth. In geological time this period was between the Late Eocene and Middle Miocene ages when, in waterlogged environments, plant and tree debris accumulated. As the layer of debris increased in thickness, the floors of these vast swamps subsided slowly and the plant material was decomposed by the action of micro-organisms.
To varying degrees, and depending upon the climatic conditions plant constituents, including proteins, starches and cellulose (100% organic) were decomposed under aerobic conditions (in the presence of oxygen) by a process called "Humification". This process results in the formation of thick layers of rich peat and humic materials. This is why some people call the brown coals of Victoria the "50 million year old compost." As this material is covered with sediment, the combined effects of time, temperature and pressure convert the peat firstly to brown coal and then to black coals. In the transition from brown coal to black coals humate content decreases, oxygen content decreases and carbon content increases. Generally speaking, the older the coal the lower the humate content, black coals have none, and brown coals in Victoria are rich in humate being relatively young coals. These humate rich coals are only found in the South Eastern part of Australia in the Gippsland Basin.
Within the Gippsland Basin of Victoria where these brown coals are found, there also occurs a unique geological material which has undergone natural, in situ, weathering and oxidation. We call this material "Organic Humate".
What is the Richest Source of Humate in the World?
Australian Organic Humate is very similar to Leonardite (USA) although being younger and more highly oxidised it is richer in humate
The American Leonardite has often been claimed to be the benchmark standard for humic acids, that was until these unique oxidised coals in Australia were discovered. This Australian Organic Humate, which could well be called "Australian Leonardite", is the raw material for Omnia Specialities Australia's humate agricultural products.
Organic Humate, being a natural product, is variable in composition. Some deposits are so rich they contain 98% soluble humate.
Soluble humate contents can vary from 10% to 98% (on a dry ash free basis), obviously with low humate material higher application rates (up to 10 metric tonnes per hectare) are necessary, however with the premium material, agricultural benefits are achieved at very low application rates.
Determining the soluble humate and fulvate content of materials is relatively straight forward by extraction at high pH. The determination of humic acids is not so simple and the methods used can significantly influence the result obtained. Therefore it is difficult to compare claims from different companies (particularly in the USA, China and Russia) regarding the humic acid content of their products. All of Omnia Specialities Australia's humate products are analysed according the International Standard ISO 5073 and the California Food & Drug Administration (CDFA) method determine humic acid content.
What are Humic Acids?
K-humate® is a highly concentrated source of humic acids which is sourced and produced in Australia. The product’s high quality and proven performance is now well recognised all over the world. Humic acids are naturally derived from the breakdown of plant and microbial matter. Humic acids are the foundation of all fertile soils. Over the years, these humic acids accumulate in the soil to provide the soil with greater nutrient holding ability, water holding capacity, readily available carbon food source for beneficial soil micro-organisms and better soil structures. This is Nature’s way of minimising nutrient losses in order to maintain long-term soil fertility and to ensure sustainable plant growth.
Humic acid molecule with attached nutrients
K-humate® holds onto a wide range of nutrients from applied fertilizers in the soil until plants are ready to use them.
K-humate® also helps unlock bound nutrients in the soil, making them available to the plants.
Humic acids present in the soil hold a wide range of micro-nutrients and macro-nutrients around plant roots to provide all the essential nutrients for quick root uptake and optimum plant growth. Humic acids also improve the wetting ability and water holding ability of the soil. K-humate® provides a helping hand to farmers and growers to achieve greater crop production through a more effective use of applied fertilizers and maintaining long-term soil fertility.
Humic acids are very effective in chelating many plant nutrients and more importantly, in retaining water (see illustration above). This enables humic acids to retain a wide range of nutrients, all in close proximity to plant roots to provide more balanced nutrients for growth.
cape aquatic humates Link Partners
Tuesday, September 16, 2008
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Sponsored Links
1.
Mapon Humates series
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www.humapon.cn
2.
Australian humates
Manufacturers and exporters.
Most concentrated humic acid
www.australianhumates.com
3.
Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers
for optimal crop yields
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1.
Improve Soil Health
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Untitled Document
A 14% Potassium humate liquid to use as a fertilizer, stabilizer/ magnifier, plant growth stimulant, soil life activator and soil conditioner. Benefits ...
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Fulvic.co.za
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One way of reducing inputs is by including or blending Humates into your fertilizer. Humates stabilize nitrogen and improve nitrogen efficiency. ...
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from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit
Censoring on the Internet is a tough job, especially since people count on the Internet to be the best place to find raw, uncensored information. But, you've got to do what you've got to do, because without censoring, spammers and trolls can render a website useless in minutes.
Censorship is generally the rearrangement or deletion of text from an article or document. An editor, or moderator, in the case of forums, is in charge of what remains in the article or thread, and whether it is acceptable for the public. Censorship allows for children to be removed from adult-themed content and for outrageous comments to be removed from the general pool. Censorship is especially prevalent in newspapers and published media, but it also is active in online forums.
from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit
Digg.com is fast becoming one of today's leading sources for news that people actually want to hear. Do you have a webpage that you want submitted to Digg.com? Adding a a Digg Counter to your webpage is the easiest way to promote your news based webpage.
This website is worth
What is your website worth?
Results 1 - 10 of about 23 for benefits of humates as fertilizer. (0.31 seconds)
Sponsored Links
1.
Mapon Humates series
The professional manufacturer of
humic acid series products
www.humapon.cn
2.
Australian humates
Manufacturers and exporters.
Most concentrated humic acid
www.australianhumates.com
3.
Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers
for optimal crop yields
www.fermofeed.nl
1.
Improve Soil Health
humates.com High quality humates and humic acid products for healthy plants & soil
Search Results
1.
Untitled Document
A 14% Potassium humate liquid to use as a fertilizer, stabilizer/ magnifier, plant growth stimulant, soil life activator and soil conditioner. Benefits ...
www.microbial.co.za/products.html - 35k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
2. [PDF]
Humic and Fulvic acids .
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
Agriculturists have long recognized the value of "humus" in fertilizer programs. One of the important benefits realized from ...
agrilibrium.co.za/Docs/Humic_Substances.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
3.
Fulvic.co.za
... quality Organic Compounded Fertilizers (Humic and Fulvic Organic Nutrients (Humates)) can be ... The direct benefits from using these products include: ...
fulvic.co.za/ - 54k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
4. [PDF]
SOUTH AFRICAN WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
form complexes with aluminium, humates, carbonates, silicates and may keep ...... effluents of industries such as the fertilizer and herbicide industries, ...
www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/wq_guide/agriaqua.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
5.
BioPulse February 2008
One way of reducing inputs is by including or blending Humates into your fertilizer. Humates stabilize nitrogen and improve nitrogen efficiency. ...
madumbi-bcp.co.za/biopulse/june2008newsletter.html - 51k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
6.
Companies, Company Directory - Australia - Manufacturers ...
... range of grape seed oil that is both versatile and full of healthy benefits. ... No Logo · Sunyang Humates We are a humic acid fertilizer manufacturer. ...
www.southafricab2b.co.za/default.cgi/action/viewcompanies/incountryid/015/incountry/Australia/btypeid/1/.../120/ - 93k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
7. [PDF]
Tuesday 2/10/2007
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
The anti-inflammatory properties of brown coal derived potassium humate ...... product is considered, it is essential that the fertilizer program enhances ...
www.sapharmacol.co.za/Files_htm/Congress/Docs/Abstr2007.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
8. [PDF]
VERTE-KELP-P_A & E_Oct07
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
VERTE-KELP-P should be used as a supplement to normal fertilizer ... 5 l K-Humate. Saturate seedlings in seedling trays 2 to 7 days. before transplanting. ...
www.villacrop.co.za/products/docs/Verte-Kelp-P%20A&E_Villa.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
9. [PDF]
Identification of extraction methods for the production of humic ...
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
Although the benefits of organic fertilizers are well known, ..... material is called humate. The humates of monovalent alkali metals are soluble in water, ...
etd.sun.ac.za/jspui/bitstream/10019/583/1/Mema.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
10. [PDF]
WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES - VOL 6
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
volume of water used, the socio-economic benefits and costs associated with the ...... complexes with aluminium, humates, carbonates, silicates and may keep ...
www.cameroncross.co.za/modules.php?op=modload&name=Downloads&file=index&req=getit&lid=18 - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES - VOL 6
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
volume of water used, the socio-economic benefits and costs associated with the ...... complexes with aluminium, humates, carbonates, silicates and may keep ...
www.cameroncross.co.za/modules.php?op=modload&name=Downloads&file=index&req=getit&lid=18 - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
Employment-oriented Industry Studies
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
Employment-oriented Industry Studies. Innovation in Resource-Based Technology Clusters:. Investigating the Lateral Migration Thesis ...
www.hsrc.ac.za/Document-1843.phtml - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
Lateral migration in resource-intensive economies: technological ...
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
Lateral Migration in Resource-Intensive Economies. Technological Learning and Industrial Policy. Employment Growth & Development Initiative ...
www.hsrc.ac.za/research/output/outputDocuments/4023_Lorentzen_Lateralmigration.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
More results from www.hsrc.ac.za »
# [PDF]
UTILISATION OF MAQALIKA RESERVOIR AS A
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
UTILISATION OF MAQALIKA RESERVOIR AS A. SOURCE OF POTABLE WATER FOR. MASERU CITY IN LESOTHO. by. Masupha Letsie. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements ...
ir.dut.ac.za:8080/dspace/bitstream/10321/147/22/Letsie_2005.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
Integrated Assessment of the Impact of Trade Liberalization ...
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
Fertilizer consumption for all crops including rice, 1985 - 2001 (pure ... Estimated economic benefits of rice policy changes and cost of IFPRI policy ...
www.sarpn.org.za/documents/d0001503/UNEP_rice-sector_Vietnam.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
SOUTH AFRICAN WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
fertilizer production and domestic wastes. Urine has a relatively high ...... and organic compounds in water, including metal-humate complexes and ...
www.dwaf.gov.za/IWQS/wq_guide/domestic.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
# [PDF]
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File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat
and organic material such as fertilizers applied to agricultural fields, ...... of the water and humate staining, adversely affecting the aquatic ...
www.upe.ac.za/cerm/PDF/Whitfield_and_Bate_2007.pdf - Similar pages - Note this
How to Censor Your Website
from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit
Censoring on the Internet is a tough job, especially since people count on the Internet to be the best place to find raw, uncensored information. But, you've got to do what you've got to do, because without censoring, spammers and trolls can render a website useless in minutes.
Censorship is generally the rearrangement or deletion of text from an article or document. An editor, or moderator, in the case of forums, is in charge of what remains in the article or thread, and whether it is acceptable for the public. Censorship allows for children to be removed from adult-themed content and for outrageous comments to be removed from the general pool. Censorship is especially prevalent in newspapers and published media, but it also is active in online forums.
Steps
- Make clear, understandable rules and guidelines. Provide examples to make it even clearer.
- Explain the reasons for those rules. For example, perhaps you don't want to allow "adult" content because a lot of kids visit your site, and if adult content is present, you would be liable
- Ask for visitor input on the rules. People are more likely to follow the rules if they feel they had a say in making them. This also helps to build a sense of community. Do not, however, concede to limit the scope of the rules.
- Censor regularly, so that violations don't build up, and so that visitors know the rules get enforced.
- Remind your website or forum viewers that rules and censorship are often instituted to protect people and prevent hateful spewing.
Tips
- For an example of the above process in action, take a look at how wikiHow's rules and guidelines have evolved, and how they've been influenced by the forums.
Warnings
- If you don't censor swearing and copyright includes no swearing on site, they can shut down your site.
Related wikiHows
- How to Create a Website
- How to Delete a Webpage Using Macromedia Dreamweaver
- How to Market Your Website
- How to Block a Website in Internet Explorer
- How to Create a Simple Web Page With HTML
Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Censor Your Website. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.
How to Put a Digg Counter on a Web Page
from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit
Digg.com is fast becoming one of today's leading sources for news that people actually want to hear. Do you have a webpage that you want submitted to Digg.com? Adding a a Digg Counter to your webpage is the easiest way to promote your news based webpage.
Steps
- Open your webpage in Dreamweaver, Contribute, OfficeLive or whatever webpage editor that you use.
- Find where you want to place the Digg Counter on your webpage.
- Insert this html code into your webpage:
- Save your webpage.
Tips
- Place the Digg Counter in a prominent location on your webpage.
Things You'll Need
- Computer
- Internet Access
- Webpage
Related wikiHows
Sources and Citations
Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Put a Digg Counter on a Web Page. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.
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